• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a means for removing paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot and coke or the like on objects. The composition contains: a) aromatic alcohol with the property of being partially soluble in water, b) waterc) surfactant, andd) acid. The invention also relates to a use of the agent removal of paint etc on objects. The agent is used for removal of e.g. paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot or coke from fixtures or objects that you wish to clean by immersion, spraying or application of a thickening composition from the same before re-use or for e.g. revision.
    公开号:SE1050346A1
    申请号:SE1050346
    申请日:2010-04-08
    公开日:2011-10-09
    发明作者:Patrik Gondel；Cecilia Groth
    申请人:Envirochem Iec Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to an agent for removing paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot, coke or the like from objects.
    Background There are many alternative commercial solutions for removing paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot and coke. In many cases, chlorinated solvents are still used as a commercial alternative despite their undesirable environmental properties.
    For many years, however, strong bases or acids have been alternatives. But their washing function is poor at the same time as they are directly dangerous to handle from a work environment point of view. Another couple of negative aspects is that several materials and surface treatments are attacked by strong bases resp. acids and that the waste is expensive to destroy after consumption.
    The development has gradually shifted to solvents of the type alcohol compounds, NMP, DBE and the like. The effect varies greatly and alkali salts of the hydroxide type or strong acid compounds are most often used as accelerators to achieve an acceptable effect. This again entails several disadvantages as several materials do not tolerate the mentioned solutions, the working environment becomes poor and the service life of the product in repeated use is limited.
    Examples of some known solutions of the type indicated are shown e.g. in US 2007/0087952 A1, CA 2,275,304 A1 and CA 2,378,886 A1. Desirable properties for a washing liquid within the said area are the following: 0 Water-based (ordinary tap water) 0 Low organic content 0 Low VOC 10 15 20 25 30 o Surfactants with low environmental impact 0 Gentle on underlying materials and surface treatments I Thermally and chemically stable 0 Environmentally friendly / environmentally friendly components Further requirements for a mixture are that residues of paint and varnish should not be degraded in the liquid as these decomposition products impair the washing effect on the liquid until it is unusable. On previous systems in the alkaline side, it has been shown that powder coatings are washed away in a fine powder, which is quickly broken down and makes the washing liquid unusable. To minimize this degradation, it is therefore desirable that, among other things, powder coatings are washed away as a skin to minimize redemption of paint residues in the system.
    The main object of the present invention is therefore primarily to solve e.g. the above-mentioned problems and also enable the simple and functional use of the agent.
    Said object is achieved by means of an agent according to the present invention, which is mainly characterized in that the agent contains; a) aromatic alcohol with the property of being partially soluble in water, b) water, c) surfactant, and d) acid.
    The use of said means for removing paint, etc. from objects according to the present invention is essentially characterized by using the means for removing a e.g. paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot or coke from fixtures or objects that you wish to clean by dipping, spraying or applying a thickened composition from the same before re-use or for e.g. revision. Controllable microstructure and phase division The present invention solves several problems in a very constructive way. The invention consists of a solution consisting primarily of, but not limited to, water, benzyl alcohol, surfactant and activator (co-solvent).
    The components should have such a composition that at the desired washing ratio they should form a single phase system such as a microemulsion. The formation of microemulsion is controlled by temperature, concentration of constituents, pH and / or salt adjustments. This gives a two-phase system with an aqueous phase and a solvent-rich phase at low temperatures which, when the temperature rises, undergoes a phase conversion to a single-phase system (microemulsion). The phase transformation temperature can be controlled by changing the concentration of the constituent components. The advantages of this are that a rational process can be achieved with economic as well as environmental benefits in the form of, among other things, the following: The product can be delivered in a single-phase concentrate and diluted with tap water on site. 0 The concentration of constituent components can be minimized / optimized with respect to the desired washing temperature. A simple analysis method for determining the content (content of water / solvent) in the bath generates an efficient and simple conditioning of the bath in continuous use. 0 A system for purification and management of rinsing water can be created. A system for returning the desired components from the rinsing water to the cleaning liquid can be created. 0 A system for separating waste and used / consumed liquid into different fractions depending on energy content, water content and pollutants. Stable and rational basic mixture The main object of the present invention is to provide an efficient and stable mixture for said cleaning purposes combined with environmental and economic benefits.
    It is known that some solvents achieve a better cleaning effect together with water, in the form of a stable microemulsion. Such a solvent must be immiscible or only partially miscible with water. One type of solvent that has been shown to have very good cleansing properties are aromatic alcohols, such as e.g. benzyl alcohol It has been shown that an increased amount of water in the single-phase system makes the washing effect more efficient for many paints, leaks, plastics, etc. Benzyl alcohol together with a limited amount of water and the other mentioned components also have a certain washing effect on certain systems. But it has been shown that a microemulsion with a high water content gives an increased washing varnish, glue, effect on most materials such as paint, rubber, plastic, soot and coke. The high water concentration also reduces the solubility in the mixture of any degradation products from paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot or coke, which contributes to extended life of the washing liquid.
    Furthermore, a high water concentration leads to improved environmental properties as well as better economic conditions for the washing liquid.
    Requirements for rational microemulsion: 0 Good penetration of the washing liquid through the material 0 The microemulsion must be stable despite redemption of other components. 10 l5 20 25 30 0 The washing liquid should not dissolve residues of paint, varnish, glue, etc. but they should be held together in leather to minimize the degradation of the washing liquid.
    Microemulsions are very sensitive and easily separate when loaded in the form of, for example, washing. The mentioned mixture, on the other hand, has proved to be very stable despite a certain mixture of, for example, paint residues. Depending on the concentration of the various components in the composition, different desirable properties can also be achieved in addition to a good cleaning effect. The composition of the constituent components can be varied from a homogeneous mixture at room temperature which gives products that can be used without heating (with a lower washing effect as a result) to mixtures which are not homogeneous at room temperature but at a higher temperature with a better and faster washing effect as a result. In this way, a mixture can be tailored to suit the specific application in the best way.
    The phases of the mixture are stable despite temperature fluctuations that are above the temperature at which the microemulsion is formed. It is also possible to get a cooled mixture to become homogeneous again when heated, this is independent of how many times it happens only the mutual ratio between the components in the mixture is stable.
    This phase separation can also be used in the event of a possible destruction of the washing liquid by making it possible to obtain a phase with a high water content and a phase with a high organic content.
    Experiments have shown that said mixture has very good properties for cleaning details, surfaces and other things from paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot and coke. The details can be cleaned either by dipping in a tank or by applying the solution to the desired surface by brushing or spraying. The cleaning properties are poor in a separated liquid but very good in a homogeneous liquid. It has also been found that powder coatings, which dissolve in many other washing liquids, are varnished in leather and in this way it is easier to separate the powder coating from the washing liquid to minimize the degradation of the paint.
    Stable washing liquid An essential property is that the liquid is stable, ie. that the constituent components are thermally and chemically stable and that it is not affected in connection with the washing process. To achieve an economically advantageous and rational washing process, a stable washing liquid with even function over a long period of time is required.
    Furthermore, the working environment and external environment are of great importance, which limits the choice of constituent components in the liquid.
    Functional surfactants In view of obtaining a stable washing liquid, the surfactant in particular is of central importance for the function of the washing liquid. The requirements for the surfactants are as follows: 1. Create a stable microemulsion 2. Thermally and chemically stable for a long time. 3.Improve the washing effect on the liquid. 4.Approved according to new and stricter legislation (detergent directives).
    Requirement 1 to create a stable microemulsion with desired components such as water, benzyl alcohol and an organic carboxylic acid has been found to be difficult to meet for fatty alcohol ethoxylate, nonionic surfactants for example of the type; alkyl glucosides and alcohol ethoxylate and metal anionic salts of fatty acids, sulfosuccinate and fatty acid sulfonate.
    Claim 2 has further minimized the number of surfactants where it has been found that surfactants of the type alkyl sulphate, amine oxide and phosphate esters hydrolyze in the acidic million and thus are not stable for a long time.
    Requirements 3 and 4 have further reduced the number of surfactants in question as the majority of cationic type quaternary ammonium compounds are not approved in accordance with the Detergents Directive.
    Possible surfactants that meet the four requirements are anionic or zwitterionic of the type; alkyl sulfonate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkylamine diproprionate.
    Especially preferred is sodium C13-17 alkanesulfonate.
    Activator (co-solvent) The activator used in the washing liquid needs to be an acid. It has been shown that many mineral acids give a too low pH and contribute to paint and varnishes being broken down in the washing liquid, which results in the washing liquid being broken down and losing effect quickly. In order to keep the washing liquid functioning for a long time, the activator should be a weaker organic acid which does not break down the color. If the shortest carboxylic acids are used, such as formic acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid, it also results in paint and varnishes being broken down and being aggressive towards the underlying material. Carboxylic acids which are more suitable for the system may be, for example, longer carboxylic acids such as hexanoic acid and heptanoic acid, divalent aliphatic carboxylic acids such as malonic acid and succinic acid, dihydroxy dicarboxylic acid such as tartaric acid, aromatic carboxylic acids such as benzoic acid and glycolic acid; 10 l5 20 25 30 Optimization Optimization of the system by changing the levels of the constituent components is extremely important for its final washing function. The amount of water and solvent can be varied depending on the requirements of the product such as efficiency, cost, amount of VOC, etc. At a given water-solvent ratio, it has been shown that the best washing effect is reached near the turning point for microemulsion. This means that the amount of surfactant and co-solvent should be minimized in relation to the amount of water - solvent. We have therefore found that surfactant and activator must have dual properties to achieve the best washing effect and provide stability to the system. The surfactant must be effective in the formation of a microemulsion and have a proven increased washing effect. 0 The acid should function partly as an activator (and pH adjuster) and partly as a co-solvent.
    A certain amount of acid activates the washing liquid, but a further increased amount of acid does not always have to give a more efficient washing liquid. It can also result in the activator starting to break down laundry residues that come from, for example, the paint, which in turn leads to the washing liquid losing efficiency. As a co-solvent, the acid should help to form a microemulsion so that the amount of surfactant can be minimized. If the amount of surfactant in the washing liquid becomes too large, the washing efficiency decreases due to this.
    The effect of the constituent components is seen from the following test at 80 ° C: Benzyl alcohol Tenside Acid Water Mix-ED- Polyester Epoxy- (%) (96) (96) (%) powder coating (powder coating) polyester 120um (mixing powder) (time units ) l OO 1 0> 1 6> 1 3 2, 5 91, 5 5, 5 3 3> 1 6 4 2, 5 9 6 3, 4 3> 1 6 1 1 88 5.5 3.4 3> 1 , 5> 3,5 6 2,5 2 4 8, 5 3, 4 6 4 1 1 1 1 By adding an acid (activator) and / or a surfactant, the washing time can be significantly reduced compared to for the pure solvent. An addition of water to the solvent further reduces the washing time.
    If the amount of activator is increased, the time for removing paint can be reduced somewhat, but at the same time it has been found that the paint dissolves much faster with a higher content of activator. This leads to the washing liquid breaking down and losing power faster, which does not lead to a stable and robust washing liquid.
    The efficiency of the washing liquid with different types of acids shows that a low pH does not always give the most effective washing liquid. The different acids can also be effective on different color systems.
    Water Benzyl alcohol Surfactant Acid Amount pH Car plate Powder mix (%) (%) (96) acid (unit of time) (100um) (%) (unit of time) 77 13 9 Oxalic acid 0, 1 1, 93> 6> 3 77 13 9 Benzoic acid 1 2 , 8 3 2, 5 77 13 9 Heptanic acid 1 3, 63 5 2 77 13 9 Hexanoic acid 1 3, 12 5 2, 5 77 13 9 Succinic acid 1 2, 6 2 2, 5 77 13 9 Malonic acid 0, 5 2, O 3 2 76 13 7 Lactic acid 3, 5 2, 08> 6 1 77 13 9 Malonic acid 0,38 1,88> 6> 1,5 Lactic acid 0, 75 5 10 15 10 Further comparative tests between two different d-hydroxy acids and one Dihydroxy dicarboxylic acid shows that the shortest of these acids, glycolic acid, has the greatest washing effect on the washing liquid.
    Water Benzyl alcohol Surfactant Acid Amount of acid pH Powder mix (96) (96) (96) (96) (14011111) (unit of time) 47 34 13.5 Tartaric acid 5.3 2.51> 3 47.5 34 14.5 Lactic acid 3, 4 2.87> 2.5 47.5 34 14.5 Glycolic acid 3.4 2.87 l In a comparative test between glycolic acid and lactic acid, both d-hydroxy acids, it has been shown that glycolic acid is effective for different compositions on washing liquids during tests on aluminum rims with powder paint, topcoat and clearcoat.
    Benzyl alcohol Water (96) Tens id Acid Amount Temp Al rim (%) (%) Acid (° C) (80 ° C) (%) (unit of time) 14 78 4.7 Lactic acid 3.3 80 17 25 i 64 6 Glycolic acid 3.5 80 10 25 64 6 Lactic acid 3.5 80 15 30 60.5 6.5 Glycolic acid 3.5 80 10 30 60.5 6.5 Lactic acid 3.5 80> l2 35 53 8 Glycolic acid 3.5 80 ll 35 53 8 Lactic acid 3.5 80 12 47 41.5 l 8 Glycolic acid 3.5 80 14 An increased amount of solvent does not always give more efficient washing liquids, but there is a minimum in washing time depending on the amount of solvent. This can be seen for both d-hydroxy acids and that optimum is at a solvent content of 25-30% for the glycolic acid and 30-35% for the lactic acid. ll Aviackeríng of aluminšumfäâg at SOC 18 l , I ~ få lå f S. § ß IQ 12 - i - - - --l »- tšš ~ fä <øšs ~ äffa l fi - + - äå fifi x fi yfa Éš 8 Ci 2G 5: 0 E10 80 íOÛ% iömängmnedeI 5 It has also been shown that glycolic acid has a certain co ~ solvent effect which means that the amount of surfactant can be reduced when the amount of acid increases. Benzyl alcohol. Water Acid Surfactant (%) (%) (%) (%) 22.4 71 o 6.45 22.4 70.4 0.93 6.25 22.4 69.8 1.9 5.9 '22, 4 66.9 3.2 5.5 20 Inhibitors A problem that can arise when washing painted parts is that the washing liquid can affect the underlying material through pickling, gas evolution, discoloration 10 15 20 25 30 12 mm This is seen on steel, zinc phosphated, galvanized, cast iron, aluminum alloys and more. To be able to get around discoloration and possible hydrogen evolution, the washing liquid should contain inhibitors. The desires of the inhibitors are as follows: 0 environmentally friendly I do not affect the microemulsion 0 stable 0 analyzable It has been shown that possible inhibitors are benzotriazole, potassium iodide, hexamethylene tetramine, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamonitrile, cinnamic acid, metal salt of alkylaminemonopsinopropronitrile, methylamine, sulfadiazine, sodium nitrite, ethanolamines, sodium phosphate, hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid, calcium bicarbonate, metal salts of polyphosphates, phosphonates, hexamethylene tetramine and bismuth trichloride. They have been tested on various metals and it has been shown that they significantly reduce hydrogen formation and that they reduce discoloration on the surfaces. All these inhibitors can be added to the microemulsion without it being transferred to a two-phase system, ie they do not adversely affect the washing function or stability of the washing liquid. They are added in concentrations between 0.05% and 2% of the total mixture. Complex formation Details that include metals / salts are often washed with the risk that these are leached out and go into the washing liquid. This can in many cases affect the microemulsion and thus also the function of the washing liquid.
    With said mixture it has been found possible to add complexing agents such as EDTA, NTA, sodium iminodisuccinate, glutalic acid N, N-diacetic acid, phosphonates and polyphosphonates without this in turn affecting the microemulsion of the washing liquid.
    The possibility for the washing liquid to neutralize dissolved metals / salts increases considerably and thus the service life of the washing liquid.
    Analysis The composition of the washing liquid means that most of the water evaporates during continuous use. In order to maintain the function and stability of the microemulsion, the amount of water must be kept at the correct level. If the water content in the washing liquid decreases, the efficiency of the washing liquid can be reduced and any paint residues and varnish residues begin to dissolve more easily, which ultimately results in a reduction in the efficiency and service life of the washing liquid. In a mixture that has lost a lot of water, however, the water content can easily be restored by adding new ordinary tap water up to the original content without risk of phase separation.
    In order to be able to keep the water content at a constant level, this should be able to be analyzed in a simple and fast analysis in order to be able to check the water level as often as desired. If the liquid is allowed to stand and cool, a certain phase separation will take place so that a two-phase system arises with an upper water-rich and a lower solvent-rich phase. These two phases do not show the true water content as the surfactant still helps to dissolve a certain part of water in the solvent-rich phase and vice versa. The surfactant is a neutralized sulfonic acid which at a low pH no longer has its surfactant property as it has switched to the pure acid again. This means that the surfactant property of the surfactant disappears and it can then not help to dissolve water in the solvent-rich phase and vice versa.
    To a 100 ml sample of the washing liquid is added 20 ml of hydrochloric acid with stirring. The concentration of the acid can be varied depending on the quality of the washing liquid. The sample is poured into a 100 ml measuring glass and it is allowed to stand and separate until two phases have formed. The lower phase contains water, water-soluble components from the washing liquid and the added acid.
    In the upper phase there are solvents and non-water soluble components. To obtain the volume of the aqueous phase in the washing liquid, remove the volume of the added acid from the total volume of the lower phase in the measuring glass. If the water content is incorrect in the washing liquid, this can be adjusted by adding the amount of water up to the original content without risk of phase separation.
    Method and process Said mixture can be used for cleaning by dipping, spraying or application of thickened composition. The composition and concentration of the constituent components can be controlled for the desired application method and temperature.
    When dipping, the microstructure and the phase system can be controlled to achieve the desired effects on the environment and economy in, for example, the following ways.
    The product can be delivered as a concentrate and diluted at the time of use to a ready-to-use solution.
    Prior to destruction, a used bath can be fractionated / phase separated to achieve environmental and cost benefits by dividing into, for example; 0 Water 0 Low energy waste 0 High energy waste Rinse water can be separated by pH and salinity adjustments to get salt water and other residues out. Other residues may in themselves consist of low-energy waste and high-energy waste, respectively. 10 15 A cleaning system can reuse the rinsing water through continuous phase separation where the alcohol barrel is returned to the cleaning bath in the form of a back-flow model.
    The invention is of course not limited to the above. Modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
    Tests performed are performed on leaks, but the corresponding results also apply to other specified agents that are desired to be removed, such as rubber, soot, etc. It also applies that formulations for water contents other than those tested are of course also made possible to choose when needed, depending on the agent that is desired to be removed, and under different conditions that apply.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [1]
    Agents for removing paint, varnish, glue, rubber, plastic, soot and coke or the like on objects characterized in that the agent contains; a) aromatic alcohol with the property of being partially soluble in water, b) water, c) surfactant, and d) acid.
    [2]
    Agent according to Claim 1, characterized in that the aromatic alcohol is of the benzyl alcohol type.
    [3]
    Agent according to Claim 2, characterized in that the benzyl alcohol content is between 6 and 94%, based on the total amount.
    [4]
    Agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant is anionic or zwitterionic in type; alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate or alkylamine diproprionate.
    [5]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that carboxylic acids such as hexanoic acid and heptanoic acid, divalent aliphatic carboxylic acids such as malonic acid and succinic acid, dihydroxy dicarboxylic acid such as tartaric acid, aromatic carboxylic acids such as benzoic acid and d-hydroxy acid or activator / Co-solvent. l0 15 20 25 30 17
    [6]
    Agent according to Claim 5, characterized in that the activator / Co-solvent consists of glycolic acid and / or lactic acid.
    [7]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture formed contains an anti-corrosion inhibitor in the form of benzotriazole, potassium iodide, hexamethylene tetramine, cinnamon aldehyde, cinnamonitrile, cinnamic acid, metal salt of alkylamine monopropionate, methylamine salt , benzonitrile, chlorobenzonitrile, sodium nitrite, ethanolamines, sodium phosphate, hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid, calcium bicarbonate, metal salt of polyphosphates, phosphonates, hexamethylene tetramine and bismuth trichloride.
    [8]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterized in that the mixture formed contains an anti-corrosion inhibitor, such as benzotriazole, potassium iodide, hexamethylene tetramine, cinnamon aldehyde, cinnamonitrile, metal salt of alkylamine diproprionate, benzonitrile or bismuth nitrile or vismene.
    [9]
    Agent according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture formed contains a complexing agent such as EDTA, NTA, sodium iminodisuccinate, glutamic acid N, N-diacetic acid, phosphonates and polyphosphonates or a mixture thereof.
    [10]
    Agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture formed also contains cellulose-type thickeners for increasing the viscosity. 10 15 20 25 30 18
    [11]
    Agent according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    [12]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant is sodium C13-17 alkanesulfonate.
    [13]
    Agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water content is between 6 and 94%, based on the total amount.
    [14]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant mixture constitutes between 0.5 and 10% of the total amount.
    [15]
    Agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of acid constitutes 0.5-20% of the total amount.
    [16]
    Agent according to any one of the preceding claims 1-13, characterized in that the mixture consists of; a) aromatic alcohol 20-50% of the total amount, b) water 25-80% of the total amount, c) surfactant 0.5-8% of the total amount and d) acid 0.5-8% of the total amount.
    [17]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims 1-13, characterized in that the mixture consists of; a) aromatic alcohol 8-30% of the total amount, b) water 60-85% of the total amount, c) surfactant 0.5-8% of the total amount and d) acid 0.5-8% of the total amount. that the surfactant consists of paraffin sulfonate. 10 15 20 19
    [18]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims 1-13, characterized in that the mixture consists of; a) aromatic alcohol 70-94% of the total amount, b) the batten 4-20% of the total amount, c) surfactant 0.5-6% of the total amount and d) acid 0.5-6% of the total amount.
    [19]
    Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture also contains co-solvents of between 0.5-10% of the total amount for the purpose of altering the physical and chemical properties.
    [20]
    Use of means for removing paint, etc. on objects according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means is used for removing, for example, paint, varnish, soot or coke from fixtures or glue, rubber, plastic, objects which wish to clean from the same before re-use or for eg rework.
    [21]
    Use according to claim 19, characterized in that the agent is used at an elevated temperature in the range 40-90 ° C.
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    同族专利:
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    WO2011126452A1|2011-10-13|
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    引用文献:
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    CN105861182A|2016-04-18|2016-08-17|袁玉珍|Adlet cleanser and preparing method thereof|
    CN111171624A|2020-02-21|2020-05-19|昆山市板明电子科技有限公司|Cover plate ink remover and preparation and use methods thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1050346A|SE535484C2|2010-04-08|2010-04-08|Means for removing e.g. color and use of the agent|SE1050346A| SE535484C2|2010-04-08|2010-04-08|Means for removing e.g. color and use of the agent|
    PCT/SE2011/050421| WO2011126452A1|2010-04-08|2011-04-07|Means for removal of for example paint and the use of the same|
    EP11766251.0A| EP2556121A4|2010-04-08|2011-04-07|Means for removal of for example paint and the use of the same|
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